Indigenous Peoples
INDIGENOUS HEALTH AT THE BORDERS
Observatory of the Amazon Region presents a survey of the indigenous health situation in border regions and among isolated and recently-contacted peoples. The work was made by several OTCA consultants, finalized in the first semester of 2022, gathers unprecedented information on indigenous territories located in border regions between the countries that participate in the institution. Investigations were carried out and available data on indigenous health conditions in six territories, chosen for being exposed to complex conditions with regard to medical care and also to different types of threats and access conditions, especially isolated peoples or peoples of recent contact, also affected by the COVID-19 pandemic.
Project Presentation
Carlos Macedo, development coordinator of the Indigenous Peoples Module, explains the project’s intentions and why these regions were chosen:
Testimony captured by videoconference held on 07-14-2022 (in Portuguese without subtitles)
MAPA INTERATIVO
Observe no mapa interativo do Módulo Povos Indígenas, onde se localizam os territórios indígenas na região amazônica e observe as regiões fronteiriças estudadas pelos consultores da OTCA:
Javari Valley
Brazil – Peru
HEALTH AT BORDER TERRITORIES
The Javari Valley is the territory of the Kanamari, Korubo peoples, Kulina Pano, Marubo, Matis, Matsés (also known as Mayoruna, or Mayuruna), Tyohom Dyapá, Yagua, and the largest known concentration of records of the presence of isolated indigenous peoples in the world. Find out more.
Madre de Dios
Brazil – Peru
In Madre de Dios there are at least 12 peoples indigenous people, distributed in Indigenous Lands and Native Communities, respectively: Asheninka, Ashaninka, Manchiguenga, Yine/Manchineri, Jaminawa/yaminahua, Kaxinahua, Amahuaca, Sharanahua. Madija, Harakbut, Tacana and Ese Eja. It also houses isolated groups like Chitoanhua, Mastanahua, Mashco Piro and Machiguenga, among others whose ethnic belonging has not been identified. Learn more.
Napo
Ecuador – Peru
On the Ecuadorian side are the Kichwa, Sapara and Waorani peoples. Among the Waorani there are peoples with older contacts and three populations in voluntary isolation, the Tagaeri, Taromenane, and probably one more people identified as Dugakaeri. In Peru, there are also Kichwa, Secoya, and Arabela (Zapara) peoples, these in recent contact and groups moving between borders. Learn more.
Madidi
Bolivia – Peru
In Bolivia it is estimated that 48% of the population is of indigenous origin, and 36 indigenous peoples have been recognized, with 10 in a situation of isolation or initial contact, among these, Araona, Ayoreo, Chácobo, Ese Ejja, Mosetén, Pacahuara, T ́simane, Toromana. The Yuqui y Yuracaré peoples have returned to a situation of isolation. In Peru, of the 55 indigenous groupings, 51 are Amazonian. Learn more.
Brasil – Guyana – Suriname
The region is populated by the Tiriyó, Katxuyana, Kahyana, Waiwai, and Tunayana peoples, speakers of languages and dialects of the Caribbean family; and the Zo’é people, speakers of languages of the Tupi family. The main criterion for the inclusion of these groups is the insertion of their territories in the triple border region. The Zo’é people are considered to be of recent contact by the State. It is also noted that the region has unconfirmed references to indigenous peoples in a situation of isolation, as yet unidentified. Learn more.
Brasil – Colômbia – Peru
Known as the Amazon Trapezium, the region is comprised of the municipalities of Leticia, Puerto Nariño, and Tarapaca. It represents almost 50% of the Peruvian Amazon and 4% of the Brazilian Amazon. It is home to ethnic groups such as Tikuna, Kokama, Kaixana, Kambeba, Knamari, Witoto and Maku-yuhup, Yagua, Cocama, Murui-Ultroto, Murui-Muinami, Ocaina, Resígaro, Kichwa, Miraña, Yucuna, Nonuya, Ocaina, Andoke, Karijona, Kawiyari, Muianane. On the Brazilian side there are 28 indigenous lands and 7 ethnic groups. In Colombia16 resguardos and in Peru 11 linguistic families and 29 ethnicities. Learn more.
